Great Britain is a constitutional monarchy and a parliamentary democracy. The head of the state is the King or the Queen, who reigns, but doesn’t rule. The sovereign has only the representative function. But The Opening of Parliament can be done only by the sovereign. The Queen has the right to assemble and dissolve the Parliament. She is also the supreme commander of the armed forces and follows the advice of the Cabinet.
The British Parliament is one of the oldest in the world. In Northern Ireland, the sovereign is represented by a governor. The Parliament includes sovereign, the House of Lords (Upper House) and House of Commons (Lower House).
Members of Upper House are hereditary members and lifetime peers (doživotní šlechtici), archbishops, and bishops. Its main role is to adopt laws and its head is Lord Chancellor. Parliament bases in Edinburg.
Members of the Lower House (650) are elected every five years in General election. The party that wins the majority of seats in Parliament forms a Government. The part that lost forms the Shadow Cabinet. Ministers are appointment by Queen and made the Cabinet. The head of the government is the Prime Minister. The Lower House has 650members, but there are only 370seats. They aren’t seat always together. The main work is to examine work of Government. The presiding member of the House of Commons is The Speaker.
The Constitution of the UK is unwritten. It is based on custom, tradition and common law. There are two main political parties: the Labour Party (left) and the Conservative Party (right).
The British Commonwealth of Nations is a voluntary association of Great Britain and its former colonies in Europe, Asia, Africa and America. The Queen of England is the formal head in 17 dominions, e.g. Canada, Australia and New Zealand.
UK is a member of NATO, UNESCO and the EU.
The valid currency in Britain is one pound, which has hundred pence
Žádné komentáře:
Okomentovat